A method for the design of flexible distillation sequence

A simple method has been developed to optimally design a distillation sequence with a fixed degree of flexibility in feed composition and flowrate, and accounts for uncertainty in stage efficiency, K-value and beat transfer coefficient calculations. The method minimizes a weighted cost function and ensures both optimal and feasible operation in the range of flexibility/uncertainty by using an approach termed “practical feasibility”. The method was tested on a 4 column distillation sequence separating a 5 component light alkane feed mixture. Results are presented to illustrate the effect of uncertainty on sequence cost and column overdesign.     

从甲醛催化剂的改进,展望甲醛工业发展前景

甲醛生产所用催化剂经历了铂催化剂、铜催化剂、浮石银、银网、电解银、铁钼氧化物催化剂的变迁,从不断提高设备生产能力,降低物料消耗,减少环境污染起了积极的推动作用。通过对催化剂性能和制作工艺的比较,简述了我国甲醛工业工艺技术的进展和新技术的前景。     

水平管路油气混输模拟技术

以双流体模型为基础，建立了适用于水平油气混输管路的瞬态数学模型，并讨论了模型的求解以及分层流的结构方程对计算结果的影响。在大型多相流实验环道上进行了大量的混输瞬变流动过程实验，利用实验和现场数据对瞬态模型模拟得到的混输管道中的平均持液率、压降以及瞬变过程的入口压力、持液率等流动参数等进行了验证和计算，结果表明建立的模型可以比较准确地预测油气混输管路中的流动参数。     

废紫铜催化制备氯化亚铜新工艺

介绍以废紫铜为原料，在催化剂作用下，铜直接同盐酸，空气中氧发生反应制备氯化亚铜的新工艺，试验确定了最佳反应条件，产品质量达到了GB1619－79的标准要求，该工艺具有原料消耗少，反应速度快，流程短，操作简单，生成成本低等特点。     

水泥粉磨系统技术措施及技术改造的优化

水泥粉磨系统的每一个环节，如粉磨工艺、选粉机、磨机结构、研磨体级配等都有潜力可挖，均可通过技术改造优化选择使粉磨系统的能力得到充分发挥、实现优质、高产、低消耗。     

高纯盐酸的合理生产

介绍了“三合一”石墨炉法生产高纯盐酸工艺的改进,确定了最佳工艺流程。结合生产实际提出了注意事项和操作要点。     

Influence of ash composition on heavy metal emissions in ash melting process

Two kinds of fly ash, discharged in the combustion of either refused derived fuel (RDF) or car shredder dust (SD), were examined for the emission of heavy metals in melting process under oxidizing and reducing conditions. The residual fractions of heavy metal in slag were experimentally estimated. As a result, it was confirmed that several volatile heavy metals were readily emitted during melting process. The type of atmosphere provided for the melting process was found to affect the emission of some volatile metals in RDF ash, but not in SD ash. The emission of volatile heavy metals in RDF ash under oxidizing conditions was lower than under any other conditions in this study. The emission behavior of iron and heavy metals in RDF ash under reducing conditions was similar to that in SD ash. These facts indicated that phosphorous in RDF ash had the property of fixing the volatile metals in the slag only under oxidizing conditions. Then the mixture of SD ash with phosphorous oxide powder was also tested in a melting process, and the result was consistent with the above inference of the effect of phosphorous.     

PDM型立磨在矿渣粉磨中的应用

针对目前球磨机粉磨超细矿渣的缺点，本文探讨使用PDM型立磨来生产超细矿渣。研究表明，经过改造的立磨－－PDM型立磨生产的超细矿渣的粒度、活性系数等性能均与球磨机粉磨的矿渣相当，但立磨的电耗、磨损远小于球磨。     

用工业废碱水处理反渗透法高含盐排放浓水

反渗透处理装置排放的浓水含盐量很高，如果不经处理直接排放势必对周围环境造成污染和水的浪费，氧化铝生产工艺废水中含有大量的碳酸钠、苛性碱等碱类物质，pH值达到13左右，回水量约2000m^3／h，用这些废水和反渗透浓水混合进行软化处理，降低浓水中的钙镁离子含量，并对难去除的硫酸盐进行稀释降低浓度，回用到蒸发循环水系统作为补充用水、氧化铝生产部分工艺用水、设备冷却用水，达到浓水回收再利用的目的。该方案实施后效果十分显著，回收反渗透浓水约60m^3／h，减少污水系统补充新水，降低生产用水费用约每年176万元。     

基于动态MPLS的发酵过程效益函数在线预报

针对发酵过程观测数据与时序相关,提出一种动态多方向偏最小二乘回归(MPLS)方法,该方法的多模型结构解决了非线性和实时性的问题,更加适用于发酵过程的在线预报,与人工神经网络(ANN)方法相比,动态MPLS回归模型可以达到更好的拟合和预报精度.对青霉素发酵过程的效益函数拟在线预报,验证了该方法的准确性和有效性.